Participation and political inclusion of vulnerable groups in Panama
The ?Participation and political inclusion of vulnerable groups in Panama? project (2012-2016) of the National Government and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) created forums and spaces for dialogue with groups in situations of political vulnerability to discuss the functioning of democracy with citizens in general and the public policies that affect them. The ultimate goal was that the youth, indigenous, women, afro-descendants and older adults would have social, economic and political inclusion agendas with a gender focus. Citizen spaces for deliberation and political dialogue were also created.
Institutional design
Formalization: is the innovation embedded in the constitution or legislation, in an administrative act, or not formalized at all?
Frequency: how often does the innovation take place: only once, sporadically, or is it permanent or regular?
Mode of Selection of Participants: is the innovation open to all participants, access is restricted to some kind of condition, or both methods apply?
Type of participants: those who participate are individual citizens, civil society organizations, private stakeholders or a combination of those?
Decisiveness: does the innovation takes binding, non-binding or no decision at all?
Co-governance: is there involvement of the government in the process or not?
- Formalization
- only backed by a governmental program or policy
- Frequency
- single
- Mode of selection of participants
- both
- Type of participants
- citizens civil society
- Decisiveness
- democratic innovation yields a non-binding decision
- Co-Governance
- yes
Means
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Ends
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