Revocation of the Local Mandate
The Revocation of the Local Mandate is stipulated in the Constitution of Venezuela: as the removal of an elected representative from his/her functions. It requires that at least half of the term has lapsed and the support of at least 20% of the electorate. Once the petition is processed, the revocation is submitted for consultation, i.e. submitted to a vote by the electorate. For the validity of the consultation, it is required that at least 25% of eligible voters affirm the revocation. In addition, for the recall of the elected representative, the "Yes" must receive at least the same number of votes with which the leader was elected. At the local level, this legal figure was only used once in 2007. On October 7, ten elected officials in the country, from seven different states had to face a revocation vote (7 from the ruling party, 3 from the opposition). The revocation process passed the requirements in five of those cases, while in five cases it was not sufficient. In the end, five representatives lost their mandates (3 from the ruling party, 2 from the opposition).
Institutional design
Formalization: is the innovation embedded in the constitution or legislation, in an administrative act, or not formalized at all?
Frequency: how often does the innovation take place: only once, sporadically, or is it permanent or regular?
Mode of Selection of Participants: is the innovation open to all participants, access is restricted to some kind of condition, or both methods apply?
Type of participants: those who participate are individual citizens, civil society organizations, private stakeholders or a combination of those?
Decisiveness: does the innovation takes binding, non-binding or no decision at all?
Co-governance: is there involvement of the government in the process or not?
- Formalization
- embedded in the constitution/legislation
- Frequency
- single
- Mode of selection of participants
- open
- Type of participants
- citizens
- Decisiveness
- democratic innovation yields a binding decision
- Co-Governance
- no
Means
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Ends
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