Referendum Approving the 2009 Constitutional Amendment
The Referendum Approving the 2009 Constitutional Amendment was held on February 15, 2009 with the aim of reforming articles 160, 162, 174, 192 and 230 of the National Constitution. Following the failure of the referendum convened in 2007 for a reform, President Hugo Chavez pushed this constitutional amendment again two years later. It included a clause permitting indefinite re-election of any elected office. The question was "Do you approve the amendment to articles 160, 162, 174, 192 and 230 of the Constitution of the Republic, as processed by the National Assembly, which increases the political rights of the people, with the purpose of allowing any citizen incumbent in an elected office, to be nominated as candidate for the same office, for the period of time established constitutionally, his or her possible re-election depending exclusively on popular vote?? The "Yes" won with 54% vote in favor. The electoral abstention stood at 30%.
Institutional design
Formalization: is the innovation embedded in the constitution or legislation, in an administrative act, or not formalized at all?
Frequency: how often does the innovation take place: only once, sporadically, or is it permanent or regular?
Mode of Selection of Participants: is the innovation open to all participants, access is restricted to some kind of condition, or both methods apply?
Type of participants: those who participate are individual citizens, civil society organizations, private stakeholders or a combination of those?
Decisiveness: does the innovation takes binding, non-binding or no decision at all?
Co-governance: is there involvement of the government in the process or not?
- Formalization
- embedded in the constitution/legislation
- Frequency
- single
- Mode of selection of participants
- open
- Type of participants
- citizens
- Decisiveness
- democratic innovation yields a binding decision
- Co-Governance
- no
Means
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Ends
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